解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bone graft substitutes are widely used for reconstruction of posttraumatic bone defects. However, their clinical significance in comparison to autologous bone grafting, the gold-standard in reconstruction of larger bone defects, still remains under debate. This prospective, randomized, controlled clinical st...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-75
更新日期:2014-03-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Announcements of interim analyses of a clinical trial convey information about the results beyond the trial's Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). The amount of information conveyed may be minimal, but the fact that none of the trial's stopping boundaries has been crossed implies that the experimental therap...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-73
更新日期:2014-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drooling saliva is a common problem in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. The negative consequences of drooling include skin breakdown, dehydration, and damage to clothing and equipment. Children and families often suffer social embarrassment due to drooling. There is no evidence about the relative ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-60
更新日期:2014-02-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The incidence of strokes in industrialized nations is on the rise, particularly in the older population. In Canada, a minority of individuals who have had a stroke actually receive intensive rehabilitation because most stroke patients do not have access to services or because their motor recovery was judged ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-42
更新日期:2014-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increasing numbers of patients are surviving critical illness, but survival may be associated with a constellation of physical and psychological sequelae that can cause ongoing disability and reduced health-related quality of life. Limited evidence currently exists to guide the optimum structure, timing, and...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-38
更新日期:2014-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for depression. However, CBT is a complex therapy that requires highly trained and qualified practitioners, and its scalability is therefore limited by the costs of training and employing sufficient therapists to meet demand. Behavioural activation ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-29
更新日期:2014-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Computed tomography is widely used to diagnose acute appendicitis. Many adolescents and young adults are exposed to the associated radiation. A recent single-institution trial has reported promising results for low-dose computed tomography; however, this technique has not yet been widely adopted. LOCAT (low-...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-28
更新日期:2014-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Their control could reduce the burden of heart disease across populations. Several drugs are used to control hypertension, but the only consistently effective treatment of OSA is continuous positive airway pressure. Th...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-1
更新日期:2014-01-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anxiety and affective disorders can be disabling and have a major impact on the ability to work. In Denmark, people with a mental disorder, and mainly non-psychotic disorders, represent a substantial and increasing part of those receiving disability pensions. Previous studies have indicated that Individual P...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-442
更新日期:2013-12-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Distal pancreatectomy for benign and malignant tumours is the second most common surgical procedure on the pancreas. Postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPF) represent the most significant clinical complication, causing prolongation of hospital stay and the need for additional diagnostic and therapeutic proc...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-430
更新日期:2013-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dizziness is one of the most challenging symptoms in medicine. No medication for dizziness in current use has well-established curative or prophylactic value or is suitable for long-term palliative use. Unconventional remedies, such as acupuncture, should be considered and scientifically evaluated. However, ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-429
更新日期:2013-12-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The physical and mental health of college students tends to continuously decline around the world. Since they are in a significant transition period which presents opportunities and challenges in health promotion, it is important to improve their health in this period. As a traditional Chinese exercise form ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-422
更新日期:2013-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the paediatric population, pain and distress associated with burn injuries during wound care procedures remain a constant challenge. Although silver dressings are the gold standard for burn care in Australasia, very few high-level trials have been conducted that compare silver dressings to determine which...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-403
更新日期:2013-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a rare severe unilateral facial pain condition. Current guidelines in trigeminal neuralgia management recommend sodium channel blockers--carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine--as the first-line treatment. However, the currently available drugs are often associated with poor tolerability...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-402
更新日期:2013-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stroke is a common cause of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, effective strategies for reducing the risk of post-stroke dementia remain undefined. Potential strategies include intensive lowering of blood pressure and/or lipids. METHODS/DESIGN: DESIGN:multi-centre prospective randomised open-label...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-401
更新日期:2013-11-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Indigenous Australian youth (aged 15 to 34) have up to four times the risk of suicide compared with their non-Indigenous counterparts. Barriers to help-seeking include shame, feared loss of autonomy and negative attitudes towards healthcare providers. The use of mobile devices and apps continues to rise amon...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-396
更新日期:2013-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity affects 25% of the UK adult population but modest weight loss can reduce the incidence of obesity-related chronic disease. Some effective weight loss treatments exist but there is no nationally available National Health Service (NHS) treatment service, and general practitioners (GPs) rarely discuss w...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-393
更新日期:2013-11-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spin in the reporting of randomized controlled trials, where authors report research in a way that potentially misrepresents results and mislead readers, has been demonstrated in the broader medical literature. We investigated spin in wound care trials with (a) no statistically significant result for the pri...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-371
更新日期:2013-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neck pain caused by cervical spondylosis (CS) has become one of the most common health problems around the world. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been employed to relieve CS neck pain, but there is limited clinical evidence for its effectiveness. METHODS/DESIGN:This study consists of a randomized controlled tri...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-360
更新日期:2013-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Feeding practices and child undernutrition can be improved when trained health workers provide proper nutrition counseling to caregivers. However, this important management component is difficult to achieve in countries where trained health workers are limited; Tanzania is no exception. In rural and semi-urb...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-352
更新日期:2013-10-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Assistive technology and telecare (ATT) are relatively new ways of delivering care and support to people with social care needs. It is claimed that ATT reduces the need for community care, prevents unnecessary hospital admission, and delays or prevents admission into residential or nursing care. The current ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-349
更新日期:2013-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression is a common affliction for young adults, and is associated with a range of adverse outcomes. Cognitive-reminiscence therapy is a brief, structured intervention that has been shown to be highly effective for reducing depressive symptoms, yet to date has not been evaluated in young adult populations...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-343
更新日期:2013-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Respiratory support following postoperative extubation is of major importance to prevent hypoxemia and subsequent respiratory failure and reintubation. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC) delivers a flow-dependent positive airway pressure and improves oxygenation by increasing end-expiratory lung volume. W...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-341
更新日期:2013-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neck pain is a common symptom in most patients suffering from cervical radiculopathy. However, some conservative treatments are limited by their modest effectiveness. On the other hand, surgical intervention for cervical disc disorders is indicated when symptoms are refractory to conservative treatments and ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-322
更新日期:2013-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury is a common and devastating complication of critical illness, for which renal replacement therapy is frequently needed to manage severe cases. While a recent systematic review suggested that "earlier" initiation of renal replacement therapy improves survival, completed trials are limited ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-320
更新日期:2013-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recovery after a major stroke is usually limited, but cell therapy for patients with fixed neurologic deficits is emerging. Several recent clinical trials have investigated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for patients with ischemic stroke. We previously reported the results of a controlled trial on the a...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-317
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A variety of videolaryngoscopes with angulated blade have been recently introduced into clinical practice. They provide an indirect view of the glottic structures in normal and challenging clinical settings. Despite the very good visualization of the laryngeal structures by these devices, the insertion and a...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-298
更新日期:2013-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Worldwide, prevalence rates of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) range between 13 and 45%. In Germany, lifetime prevalence of NSSI is around 25% in non-clinical samples, and the one-year prevalence for repetitive NSSI is 4%. NSSI is present in the context of several axis I and II disorders (for exam...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-294
更新日期:2013-09-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rehabilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI) has traditionally involved teaching compensatory strategies for identified impairments and deficits in order to improve functional independence. There is some evidence that regular and intensive activity-based therapies, directed at activation of the paralyzed ex...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-291
更新日期:2013-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anaemia following hip fracture is common. Approximately 30 to 45% of patients have haemoglobin concentrations below population norms on admission, and around 10% are severely anaemic. Anaemia on admission, and in the postoperative period, is associated with poor outcomes with regard to mobility, postoperativ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-288
更新日期:2013-09-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is an urgent need for clinically effective and cost-effective methods to manage antisocial and criminal behaviour in adolescents. Youth conduct disorder is increasingly prevalent in the UK and is associated with a range of negative outcomes. Quantitative systematic reviews carried out for the National ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-265
更新日期:2013-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Co-infection with malaria parasite and HIV is an emerging public health problem in tropical areas, particularly in pregnant women, and management of the concurrent effects of these two infections is challenging. Co-trimoxazole is a sulfamide preparation used to prevent opportunistic infections in HIV-infecte...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-255
更新日期:2013-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is considerable evidence showing that injured people who are involved in a compensation process show poorer physical and mental recovery than those with similar injuries who are not involved in a compensation process. One explanation for this reduced recovery is that the legal process and the associate...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-227
更新日期:2013-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many funding bodies require researchers to actively involve service users in research to improve relevance, accountability and quality. Current guidance to researchers mainly discusses general principles. Formal guidance about how to involve service users operationally in the conduct of trials is lacking. We...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-219
更新日期:2013-07-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many babies in the UK are born to drug-dependent parents, and dependence on psychoactive drugs during the postnatal period is associated with high rates of child maltreatment, with around a quarter of these children being subject to a child protection plan. Parents who are dependent on psychoactive drugs are...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-210
更新日期:2013-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous research has suggested an association between more liberal red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and greater risk of further bleeding and mortality following acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). METHODS AND DESIGN:The Transfusion in Gastrointestinal Bleeding (TRIGGER) trial is a pragmatic clus...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-206
更新日期:2013-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Overt chronic metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease develops after a drop of glomerular filtration rate to less than approximately 25 mL/min/1.73 m2. The pathogenic mechanism seems to be a lack of tubular bicarbonate production, which in healthy individuals neutralizes the acid net produ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-196
更新日期:2013-07-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Quitting smokers gain weight. This deters some from trying to stop smoking and may explain the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes after cessation. Dieting when stopping smoking may be counterproductive. Hunger increases cravings for smoking and tackling two behaviours together may undermine quitting succ...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-182
更新日期:2013-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Quadriplegia is a severe, catastrophic injury that predominantly affects people early in life, resulting in lifelong physical disability. Obstructive sleep apnoea is a direct consequence of quadriplegia and is associated with neurocognitive deficits, sleepiness and reduced quality of life. The usual treatmen...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-181
更新日期:2013-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exercise has a beta cell preserving effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. This benefit of exercise has not been examined in type 1 diabetes. Significant beta cell function is present at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and therefore studies of beta cell preservation are ideally conducted immediate...
journal_title:Trials
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-180
更新日期:2013-06-18 00:00:00